Published on
5 September 2024

In Haiti, where environmental and social challenges are deeply interconnected, subsistence farming remains vital for much of the rural population. However, with an increasingly unpredictable climate and limited resources, these communities face severe threats to their livelihoods and food security.

The project Jaden nou, se vant nou (“Our Garden, Our Food Security” in Creole), supported by the Roncalli International Foundation in collaboration with the Institut de Recherche et d’Appui Technique en Aménagement du Milieu (Institute of Research and Technical Support in Environmental Management) – IRATAM and Carrefoour de Solidarité Internationale (International Solidarity Crossroads), aims to promote sustainable and resilient agriculture. This project integrates agroforestry practices adapted to local conditions to better address current challenges.


Haitian smallholder farmers, whose survival depends on subsistence agriculture, are among those most severely affected by climate change. Although Haiti is responsible for only 0.03% of global greenhouse gas emissions, it ranks as the third most vulnerable country to the devastating impacts of climate change.


Historically, the industrialization of agriculture and the cultivation of monocultures have reduced agricultural land, caused deforestation, and accelerated soil erosion, which have had harmful effects on subsistence farmers. These effects have been exacerbated by market liberalization, lack of access to technology and credit – only 1% of bank credit is dedicated to agriculture – and insufficient infrastructure for storage, processing, irrigation, and transportation.

Climate change has further worsened this situation. Rising average temperatures and sea levels are increasing the number and intensity of extreme weather events, such as droughts and hurricanes, leading to annual economic losses of nearly $400 million, poor harvests, and an increased dependence on imports.

As a result, agricultural yields are among the lowest in the Caribbean region, price fluctuations are significant, and post-harvest losses can exceed 35%.

This situation is discouraging the younger generation from remaining in agriculture: only 11.3% of farmers are under 30 years old, while 19.6% are over 60.

In the face of these challenges, transitioning to diversified agroforestry practices adapted to climate change is essential. Thanks to a $29,041 grant from the Roncalli Foundation, IRATAM aims to strengthen the capacity of local farmers in Northeast Haiti.

This project funds training, including radio broadcasts, and the purchase of crops resistant to extreme conditions, such as ginger, moringa, and pigeon peas, so that six nurseries can be established that will improve soil quality, enhance water retention, and create a protective forest cover.

 


With this support, 540 Haitian farmers, including 262 women, will be able to adapt to the new climate conditions, improve their living conditions, and strengthen food security and the resilience of rural communities.

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